What is external flow
In fluid mechanics, external flow is such a flow that boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by adjacent surfaces. Accordingly, there will always exist a region of the flow outside the boundary layer in which velocity, temperature, and/or concentration gradients are negligible. It can be defined as the flow of a fluid around a body that is completely submerged in it.
An example includes fluid motion over a flat plate (inclined or parallel to the free stream velocity) and flow over curved surfaces such as a sphere, cylinder, airfoil, or turbine blade, air flowing around an airplane and water flowing around the submarines.
How to Calculate Thermal boundary layer thickness at distance X from leading edge?
Thermal boundary layer thickness at distance X from leading edge calculator uses Thermal Boundary Layer Thickness = Hydrodynamic Boundary Layer Thickness*Prandtl Number^(-0.333) to calculate the Thermal Boundary Layer Thickness, The Thermal boundary layer thickness at distance X from leading edge formula is defined as the distance across a boundary layer from the wall to a point where the flow temperature has essentially reached the 'free stream' temperature. Thermal Boundary Layer Thickness is denoted by 𝛿Tx symbol.
How to calculate Thermal boundary layer thickness at distance X from leading edge using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Thermal boundary layer thickness at distance X from leading edge, enter Hydrodynamic Boundary Layer Thickness (𝛿hx) & Prandtl Number (Pr) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Thermal boundary layer thickness at distance X from leading edge calculation can be explained with given input values -> 2.252228 = 2*0.7^(-0.333).