✖Zero bias threshold voltage refers to the threshold voltage of a MOSFET when no additional bias voltage is applied to the substrate, typically measured between gate and source.ⓘ Zero Bias Threshold Voltage [V_T0]			+10% -10%
✖Supply voltage refers to the voltage level provided by a power source to an electrical circuit or device, serving as the potential difference for current flow and operation.ⓘ Supply Voltage [V_DD]			+10% -10%
✖Transconductance of NMOS refers to the ratio of the change in the output drain current to the change in the input gate-source voltage when the drain-source voltage is constant.ⓘ Transconductance of NMOS [K_n]			+10% -10%
✖Load Resistance is the resistance presented by the external load connected to a circuit, determining the amount of current drawn and influencing the circuit's voltage and power distribution.ⓘ Load Resistance [R_L]			+10% -10%

✖Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage is defined as the Minimum input voltage which can be interpreted as logic "1" when the load type is resistance.ⓘ Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS [V_IH(RL)]

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Formula

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Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS

Formula

`"V"_{"IH(RL)"} = "V"_{"T0"}+sqrt((8*"V"_{"DD"})/(3*"K"_{"n"}*"R"_{"L"}))-(1/("K"_{"n"}*"R"_{"L"}))`

Example

`"1.545824V"="1.4V"+sqrt((8*"3.3V")/(3*"200µA/V²"*"2MΩ"))-(1/("200µA/V²"*"2MΩ"))`

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Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage = Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+sqrt((8*Supply Voltage)/(3*Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))-(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))
V_IH(RL) = V_T0+sqrt((8*V_DD)/(3*K_n*R_L))-(1/(K_n*R_L))
This formula uses 1 Functions, 5 Variables

Functions Used

sqrt - A square root function is a function that takes a non-negative number as an input and returns the square root of the given input number., sqrt(Number)

Variables Used

Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage - (Measured in Volt) - Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage is defined as the Minimum input voltage which can be interpreted as logic "1" when the load type is resistance.
Zero Bias Threshold Voltage - (Measured in Volt) - Zero bias threshold voltage refers to the threshold voltage of a MOSFET when no additional bias voltage is applied to the substrate, typically measured between gate and source.
Supply Voltage - (Measured in Volt) - Supply voltage refers to the voltage level provided by a power source to an electrical circuit or device, serving as the potential difference for current flow and operation.
Transconductance of NMOS - (Measured in Ampere per Square Volt) - Transconductance of NMOS refers to the ratio of the change in the output drain current to the change in the input gate-source voltage when the drain-source voltage is constant.
Load Resistance - (Measured in Ohm) - Load Resistance is the resistance presented by the external load connected to a circuit, determining the amount of current drawn and influencing the circuit's voltage and power distribution.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Zero Bias Threshold Voltage: 1.4 Volt --> 1.4 Volt No Conversion Required
Supply Voltage: 3.3 Volt --> 3.3 Volt No Conversion Required
Transconductance of NMOS: 200 Microampere per Square Volt --> 0.0002 Ampere per Square Volt (Check conversion here)
Load Resistance: 2 Megohm --> 2000000 Ohm (Check conversion here)

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

V_IH(RL) = V_T0+sqrt((8*V_DD)/(3*K_n*R_L))-(1/(K_n*R_L)) --> 1.4+sqrt((8*3.3)/(3*0.0002*2000000))-(1/(0.0002*2000000))

Evaluating ... ...

V_IH(RL) = 1.54582396974191

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

1.54582396974191 Volt --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

1.54582396974191 ≈ 1.545824 Volt <-- Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage

(Calculation completed in 00.020 seconds)

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< 16 CMOS Inverters Calculators

Propagation Delay for Low to High Output Transition CMOS

Go Time for Low to High Transition of Output = (Inverter CMOS Load Capacitance/(Transconductance of PMOS*(Supply Voltage-abs(Threshold Voltage of PMOS with Body Bias))))*(((2*abs(Threshold Voltage of PMOS with Body Bias))/(Supply Voltage-abs(Threshold Voltage of PMOS with Body Bias)))+ln((4*(Supply Voltage-abs(Threshold Voltage of PMOS with Body Bias))/Supply Voltage)-1))

Propagation Delay for High to Low Output Transition CMOS

Go Time for High to Low Transition of Output = (Inverter CMOS Load Capacitance/(Transconductance of NMOS*(Supply Voltage-Threshold Voltage of NMOS with Body Bias)))*((2*Threshold Voltage of NMOS with Body Bias/(Supply Voltage-Threshold Voltage of NMOS with Body Bias))+ln((4*(Supply Voltage-Threshold Voltage of NMOS with Body Bias)/Supply Voltage)-1))

Resistive Load Minimum Output Voltage CMOS

Go Resistive Load Minimum Output Voltage = Supply Voltage-Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))-sqrt((Supply Voltage-Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance)))^2-(2*Supply Voltage/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance)))

Threshold Voltage CMOS

Go Threshold Voltage = (Threshold Voltage of NMOS Without Body Bias+sqrt(1/Transconductance Ratio)*(Supply Voltage+(Threshold Voltage of PMOS Without Body Bias)))/(1+sqrt(1/Transconductance Ratio))

Maximum Input Voltage CMOS

Go Maximum Input Voltage CMOS = (2*Output Voltage for Max Input+(Threshold Voltage of PMOS Without Body Bias)-Supply Voltage+Transconductance Ratio*Threshold Voltage of NMOS Without Body Bias)/(1+Transconductance Ratio)

Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS

Go Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage = Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+sqrt((8*Supply Voltage)/(3*Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))-(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))

Load Capacitance of Cascaded Inverter CMOS

Go Inverter CMOS Load Capacitance = PMOS Gate Drain Capacitance+NMOS Gate Drain Capacitance+PMOS Drain Bulk Capacitance+NMOS Drain Bulk Capacitance+Inverter CMOS Internal Capacitance+Inverter CMOS Gate Capacitance

Minimum Input Voltage CMOS

Go Minimum Input Voltage = (Supply Voltage+(Threshold Voltage of PMOS Without Body Bias)+Transconductance Ratio*(2*Output Voltage+Threshold Voltage of NMOS Without Body Bias))/(1+Transconductance Ratio)

Resistive Load Maximum Input Voltage CMOS

Go Resistive Load Maximum Input Voltage CMOS = Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))

Average Power Dissipation CMOS

Go Average Power Dissipation = Inverter CMOS Load Capacitance*(Supply Voltage)^2*Frequency

Average Propagation Delay CMOS

Go Average Propagation Delay = (Time for High to Low Transition of Output+Time for Low to High Transition of Output)/2

Maximum Input Voltage for Symmetric CMOS

Go Maximum Input Voltage Symmetric CMOS = (3*Supply Voltage+2*Threshold Voltage of NMOS Without Body Bias)/8

Minimum Input Voltage for Symmetric CMOS

Go Minimum Input Voltage Symmetric CMOS = (5*Supply Voltage-2*Threshold Voltage of NMOS Without Body Bias)/8

Oscillation Period Ring Oscillator CMOS

Go Oscillation Period = 2*Number of Stages Ring Oscillator*Average Propagation Delay

Noise Margin for High Signal CMOS

Go Noise Margin for High Signal = Maximum Output Voltage-Minimum Input Voltage

Transconductance Ratio CMOS

Go Transconductance Ratio = Transconductance of NMOS/Transconductance of PMOS

Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS Formula

In which region Resistive load inverter lies at the time of minimum input voltage?

Resistive load inverter lies in the linear region at the time of minimum input voltage where V_out < V_in - V_T0.

How to Calculate Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS?

Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS calculator uses Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage = Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+sqrt((8*Supply Voltage)/(3*Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))-(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance)) to calculate the Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage, Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS is the lowest voltage level that can be applied to the input terminal of a CMOS device when it is driving a resistive load, ensuring proper functionality and reliable operation without triggering unintended circuit states or causing errors. Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage is denoted by V_IH(RL) symbol.

How to calculate Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS, enter Zero Bias Threshold Voltage (V_T0), Supply Voltage (V_DD), Transconductance of NMOS (K_n) & Load Resistance (R_L) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS calculation can be explained with given input values -> 1.545824 = 1.4+sqrt((8*3.3)/(3*0.0002*2000000))-(1/(0.0002*2000000)).

FAQ

What is Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS?

Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS is the lowest voltage level that can be applied to the input terminal of a CMOS device when it is driving a resistive load, ensuring proper functionality and reliable operation without triggering unintended circuit states or causing errors and is represented as V_IH(RL) = V_T0+sqrt((8*V_DD)/(3*K_n*R_L))-(1/(K_n*R_L)) or Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage = Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+sqrt((8*Supply Voltage)/(3*Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))-(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance)). Zero bias threshold voltage refers to the threshold voltage of a MOSFET when no additional bias voltage is applied to the substrate, typically measured between gate and source, Supply voltage refers to the voltage level provided by a power source to an electrical circuit or device, serving as the potential difference for current flow and operation, Transconductance of NMOS refers to the ratio of the change in the output drain current to the change in the input gate-source voltage when the drain-source voltage is constant & Load Resistance is the resistance presented by the external load connected to a circuit, determining the amount of current drawn and influencing the circuit's voltage and power distribution.

How to calculate Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS?

Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS is the lowest voltage level that can be applied to the input terminal of a CMOS device when it is driving a resistive load, ensuring proper functionality and reliable operation without triggering unintended circuit states or causing errors is calculated using Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage = Zero Bias Threshold Voltage+sqrt((8*Supply Voltage)/(3*Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance))-(1/(Transconductance of NMOS*Load Resistance)). To calculate Resistive Load Minimum Input Voltage CMOS, you need Zero Bias Threshold Voltage (V_T0), Supply Voltage (V_DD), Transconductance of NMOS (K_n) & Load Resistance (R_L). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Zero Bias Threshold Voltage, Supply Voltage, Transconductance of NMOS & Load Resistance and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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