Refractive Index of Ionosphere Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary
Formula Used
Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2))
ηr = sqrt(1-((81*Nmax)/fo^2))
This formula uses 1 Functions, 3 Variables
Functions Used
sqrt - A square root function is a function that takes a non-negative number as an input and returns the square root of the given input number., sqrt(Number)
Variables Used
Refractive Index - The refractive index is the measure of bending of a light ray when passing from one medium to another.
Electron Density - (Measured in 1 per Cubic Meter) - Electron Density refers to the concentration or number of electrons per unit volume in a given material or medium.
Operating Frequency - (Measured in Hertz) - The Operating frequency refers to the number of occurrences of a periodic event per time and is measured in cycles/second.
STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit
Electron Density: 20000000000 1 per Cubic Centimeter --> 2E+16 1 per Cubic Meter (Check conversion ​here)
Operating Frequency: 3000000000 Hertz --> 3000000000 Hertz No Conversion Required
STEP 2: Evaluate Formula
Substituting Input Values in Formula
ηr = sqrt(1-((81*Nmax)/fo^2)) --> sqrt(1-((81*2E+16)/3000000000^2))
Evaluating ... ...
ηr = 0.905538513813742
STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit
0.905538513813742 --> No Conversion Required
FINAL ANSWER
0.905538513813742 0.905539 <-- Refractive Index
(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Created by Shobhit Dimri
Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology (BTKIT), Dwarahat
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Wave Propagation Calculators

Refractive Index of Ionosphere
​ LaTeX ​ Go Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2))
Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region
​ LaTeX ​ Go Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence)
Electron Density
​ LaTeX ​ Go Electron Density = ((1-Refractive Index^2)*Operating Frequency^2)/81
Critical Frequency of Ionosphere
​ LaTeX ​ Go Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density)

Refractive Index of Ionosphere Formula

​LaTeX ​Go
Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2))
ηr = sqrt(1-((81*Nmax)/fo^2))

Define Ionospheric Propogation

In radio communication, skywave or skip refers to the propagation of radio waves reflected or refracted back toward Earth from the ionosphere, an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. ... line-of-sight propagation, in which radio waves travel in a straight line, the dominant mode at higher frequencies.

How to Calculate Refractive Index of Ionosphere?

Refractive Index of Ionosphere calculator uses Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2)) to calculate the Refractive Index, The Refractive Index of Ionosphere formula is defined as the measure of bending of a light ray when passing from one medium to another. Refractive Index is denoted by ηr symbol.

How to calculate Refractive Index of Ionosphere using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Refractive Index of Ionosphere, enter Electron Density (Nmax) & Operating Frequency (fo) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Refractive Index of Ionosphere calculation can be explained with given input values -> 0.905539 = sqrt(1-((81*2E+16)/3000000000^2)).

FAQ

What is Refractive Index of Ionosphere?
The Refractive Index of Ionosphere formula is defined as the measure of bending of a light ray when passing from one medium to another and is represented as ηr = sqrt(1-((81*Nmax)/fo^2)) or Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2)). Electron Density refers to the concentration or number of electrons per unit volume in a given material or medium & The Operating frequency refers to the number of occurrences of a periodic event per time and is measured in cycles/second.
How to calculate Refractive Index of Ionosphere?
The Refractive Index of Ionosphere formula is defined as the measure of bending of a light ray when passing from one medium to another is calculated using Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2)). To calculate Refractive Index of Ionosphere, you need Electron Density (Nmax) & Operating Frequency (fo). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Electron Density & Operating Frequency and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.
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