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Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element Calculator

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Electronegativity Covalent Bonding Ionic Bonding

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Mulliken's Electronegativity Allred Rochow's Electronegativity Pauling's Electronegativity

✖The Ionization Energy is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated neutral gaseous atom or molecule.ⓘ Ionization Energy [IE]			+10% -10%
✖The Electron Affinity is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is attached to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion.ⓘ Electron Affinity [E.A]			+10% -10%

✖The Mulliken's Electronegativity proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and the electron affinity should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons.ⓘ Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element [X_M]

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Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Mulliken's Electronegativity = 0.5*(Ionization Energy+Electron Affinity)
X_M = 0.5*(IE+E.A)
This formula uses 3 Variables

Variables Used

Mulliken's Electronegativity - (Measured in Joule) - The Mulliken's Electronegativity proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and the electron affinity should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons.
Ionization Energy - (Measured in Joule) - The Ionization Energy is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated neutral gaseous atom or molecule.
Electron Affinity - (Measured in Joule) - The Electron Affinity is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is attached to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Ionization Energy: 27.2 Joule --> 27.2 Joule No Conversion Required
Electron Affinity: 17.1 Joule --> 17.1 Joule No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

X_M = 0.5*(IE+E.A) --> 0.5*(27.2+17.1)

Evaluating ... ...

X_M = 22.15

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

22.15 Joule --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

22.15 Joule <-- Mulliken's Electronegativity

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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< Mulliken's Electronegativity Calculators

Effective Nuclear Charge given Mulliken's Electronegativity

LaTeX Go Effective Nuclear Charge = (((0.336*Mulliken's Electronegativity)-0.2-0.744)*(Covalent Radius^2))/0.359

Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element

LaTeX Go Mulliken's Electronegativity = 0.5*(Ionization Energy+Electron Affinity)

Mulliken's Electronegativity from Allred Rochow's Electronegativity

LaTeX Go Mulliken's Electronegativity = (Allred-Rochow's Electronegativity+0.744+0.2)/0.336

Mulliken's Electronegativity from Pauling's Electronegativity

LaTeX Go Mulliken's Electronegativity = (Pauling's Electronegativity+0.2)/0.336

Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element Formula

LaTeX Go

Mulliken's Electronegativity = 0.5*(Ionization Energy+Electron Affinity)
X_M = 0.5*(IE+E.A)

What was Linus Mulliken's contribution to electronegativity?

Robert S. Mulliken proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and the electron affinity should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. As this definition is not dependent on an arbitrary relative scale, it has also been termed absolute electronegativity, with the units of kilojoules per mole or electron volts. The Mulliken electronegativity can only be calculated for an element for which the electron affinity is known, fifty-seven elements as of 2006. The Mulliken electronegativity of an atom is sometimes said to be the negative of the chemical potential.

How to Calculate Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element?

Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element calculator uses Mulliken's Electronegativity = 0.5*(Ionization Energy+Electron Affinity) to calculate the Mulliken's Electronegativity, The Mulliken's Electronegativity of element proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and the electron affinity should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. Mulliken's Electronegativity is denoted by X_M symbol.

How to calculate Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element, enter Ionization Energy (IE) & Electron Affinity (E.A) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element calculation can be explained with given input values -> 22.15 = 0.5*(27.2+17.1).

FAQ

What is Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element?

The Mulliken's Electronegativity of element proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and the electron affinity should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons and is represented as X_M = 0.5*(IE+E.A) or Mulliken's Electronegativity = 0.5*(Ionization Energy+Electron Affinity). The Ionization Energy is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated neutral gaseous atom or molecule & The Electron Affinity is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is attached to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion.

How to calculate Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element?

The Mulliken's Electronegativity of element proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy and the electron affinity should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons is calculated using Mulliken's Electronegativity = 0.5*(Ionization Energy+Electron Affinity). To calculate Mulliken's Electronegativity of Element, you need Ionization Energy (IE) & Electron Affinity (E.A). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Ionization Energy & Electron Affinity and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

How many ways are there to calculate Mulliken's Electronegativity?

In this formula, Mulliken's Electronegativity uses Ionization Energy & Electron Affinity. We can use 3 other way(s) to calculate the same, which is/are as follows -

Mulliken's Electronegativity = (Pauling's Electronegativity+0.2)/0.336
Mulliken's Electronegativity = (Allred-Rochow's Electronegativity+0.744+0.2)/0.336
Mulliken's Electronegativity = (sqrt(Actual Bond Energy given Electronegativity-sqrt(Bond Energy of A₂ Molecule*Bond Energy of B₂ Molecule))+0.2)/0.336

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