LCM of three numbers

Maximum Usable Frequency Calculator

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Wave Propagation Antenna Theory Parameters Special Antennas

✖Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere.ⓘ Critical Frequency [f_c]			+10% -10%
✖Skip distance is defined as the distance b/w transmitting antenna and a point where that wave is first received after reflection from ionosphere.ⓘ Skip Distance [P_d]			+10% -10%
✖Ionospheric Layer Height is defined as the height of ionospheric layer.ⓘ Ionospheric Layer Height [h]			+10% -10%

✖Maximum Usable frequency is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere.ⓘ Maximum Usable Frequency [F_muf]

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Maximum Usable Frequency Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height))^2)
F_muf = f_c*sqrt(1+(P_d/(2*h))^2)
This formula uses 1 Functions, 4 Variables

Functions Used

sqrt - A square root function is a function that takes a non-negative number as an input and returns the square root of the given input number., sqrt(Number)

Variables Used

Maximum Usable Frequency - (Measured in Hertz) - Maximum Usable frequency is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere.
Critical Frequency - (Measured in Hertz) - Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere.
Skip Distance - (Measured in Meter) - Skip distance is defined as the distance b/w transmitting antenna and a point where that wave is first received after reflection from ionosphere.
Ionospheric Layer Height - (Measured in Meter) - Ionospheric Layer Height is defined as the height of ionospheric layer.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Critical Frequency: 45 Hertz --> 45 Hertz No Conversion Required
Skip Distance: 21714 Meter --> 21714 Meter No Conversion Required
Ionospheric Layer Height: 1169.985 Meter --> 1169.985 Meter No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

F_muf = f_c*sqrt(1+(P_d/(2*h))^2) --> 45*sqrt(1+(21714/(2*1169.985))^2)

Evaluating ... ...

F_muf = 419.999949774394

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

419.999949774394 Hertz --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

419.999949774394 ≈ 419.9999 Hertz <-- Maximum Usable Frequency

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Created by Shobhit Dimri

Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology (BTKIT), Dwarahat

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< Wave Propagation Calculators

Refractive Index of Ionosphere

LaTeX Go Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2))

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region

LaTeX Go Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence)

Electron Density

LaTeX Go Electron Density = ((1-Refractive Index^2)*Operating Frequency^2)/81

Critical Frequency of Ionosphere

LaTeX Go Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density)

Maximum Usable Frequency Formula

LaTeX Go

Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height))^2)
F_muf = f_c*sqrt(1+(P_d/(2*h))^2)

What are the critical frequencies?

Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere. It is denoted by "fc". Its value is not fixed and it depends upon the electron density of the ionosphere.

How to Calculate Maximum Usable Frequency?

Maximum Usable Frequency calculator uses Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height))^2) to calculate the Maximum Usable Frequency, The Maximum Usable Frequency formula is defined as is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere. Maximum Usable Frequency is denoted by F_muf symbol.

How to calculate Maximum Usable Frequency using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Maximum Usable Frequency, enter Critical Frequency (f_c), Skip Distance (P_d) & Ionospheric Layer Height (h) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Maximum Usable Frequency calculation can be explained with given input values -> 419.9999 = 45*sqrt(1+(21714/(2*1169.985))^2).

FAQ

What is Maximum Usable Frequency?

The Maximum Usable Frequency formula is defined as is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere and is represented as F_muf = f_c*sqrt(1+(P_d/(2*h))^2) or Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height))^2). Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere, Skip distance is defined as the distance b/w transmitting antenna and a point where that wave is first received after reflection from ionosphere & Ionospheric Layer Height is defined as the height of ionospheric layer.

How to calculate Maximum Usable Frequency?

The Maximum Usable Frequency formula is defined as is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere is calculated using Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height))^2). To calculate Maximum Usable Frequency, you need Critical Frequency (f_c), Skip Distance (P_d) & Ionospheric Layer Height (h). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Critical Frequency, Skip Distance & Ionospheric Layer Height and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

How many ways are there to calculate Maximum Usable Frequency?

In this formula, Maximum Usable Frequency uses Critical Frequency, Skip Distance & Ionospheric Layer Height. We can use 1 other way(s) to calculate the same, which is/are as follows -

Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence)

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