What is external flow?
In fluid mechanics, external flow is such a flow that boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by adjacent surfaces. Accordingly, there will always exist a region of the flow outside the boundary layer in which velocity, temperature, and/or concentration gradients are negligible. It can be defined as the flow of a fluid around a body that is completely submerged in it.
An example includes fluid motion over a flat plate (inclined or parallel to the free stream velocity) and flow over curved surfaces such as a sphere, cylinder, airfoil, or turbine blade, air flowing around an airplane and water flowing around the submarines.
How to Calculate Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness at X?
Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness at X calculator uses Hydrodynamic Boundary Layer Thickness = 0.381*Distance from Leading Edge*(Reynolds Number^(-0.2)) to calculate the Hydrodynamic Boundary Layer Thickness, Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness at X formula is defined as the thickness of the layer of fluid closest to the surface of a flat plate where the flow velocity is zero, which is a critical parameter in understanding the flow behavior and heat transfer in various engineering applications. Hydrodynamic Boundary Layer Thickness is denoted by 𝛿hx symbol.
How to calculate Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness at X using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness at X, enter Distance from Leading Edge (xL) & Reynolds Number (Re) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness at X calculation can be explained with given input values -> 26.01131 = 0.381*37.5*(5000^(-0.2)).