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Height of Layer Calculator

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Wave Propagation Antenna Theory Parameters Special Antennas

✖Skip distance is defined as the distance b/w transmitting antenna and a point where that wave is first received after reflection from ionosphere.ⓘ Skip Distance [P_d]			+10% -10%
✖Maximum Usable frequency is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere.ⓘ Maximum Usable Frequency [F_muf]			+10% -10%
✖Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere.ⓘ Critical Frequency [f_c]			+10% -10%

✖Ionospheric Layer Height is defined as the height of ionospheric layer.ⓘ Height of Layer [h]

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Height of Layer Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Ionospheric Layer Height = Skip Distance/(2*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1))
h = P_d/(2*sqrt((F_muf^2/f_c^2)-1))
This formula uses 1 Functions, 4 Variables

Functions Used

sqrt - A square root function is a function that takes a non-negative number as an input and returns the square root of the given input number., sqrt(Number)

Variables Used

Ionospheric Layer Height - (Measured in Meter) - Ionospheric Layer Height is defined as the height of ionospheric layer.
Skip Distance - (Measured in Meter) - Skip distance is defined as the distance b/w transmitting antenna and a point where that wave is first received after reflection from ionosphere.
Maximum Usable Frequency - (Measured in Hertz) - Maximum Usable frequency is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere.
Critical Frequency - (Measured in Hertz) - Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Skip Distance: 21714 Meter --> 21714 Meter No Conversion Required
Maximum Usable Frequency: 420 Hertz --> 420 Hertz No Conversion Required
Critical Frequency: 45 Hertz --> 45 Hertz No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

h = P_d/(2*sqrt((F_muf^2/f_c^2)-1)) --> 21714/(2*sqrt((420^2/45^2)-1))

Evaluating ... ...

h = 1169.98485846282

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

1169.98485846282 Meter --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

1169.98485846282 ≈ 1169.985 Meter <-- Ionospheric Layer Height

(Calculation completed in 00.021 seconds)

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< Wave Propagation Calculators

Refractive Index of Ionosphere

LaTeX Go Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2))

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region

LaTeX Go Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence)

Electron Density

LaTeX Go Electron Density = ((1-Refractive Index^2)*Operating Frequency^2)/81

Critical Frequency of Ionosphere

LaTeX Go Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density)

Height of Layer Formula

LaTeX Go

Ionospheric Layer Height = Skip Distance/(2*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1))
h = P_d/(2*sqrt((F_muf^2/f_c^2)-1))

What is a good layer height for PLA?

4mm layer heights, and a part with . 1mm layer heights will take twice as long as one at . 2mm, so these factors are important to consider

How to Calculate Height of Layer?

Height of Layer calculator uses Ionospheric Layer Height = Skip Distance/(2*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1)) to calculate the Ionospheric Layer Height, The Height of Layer formula is defined as extends from Earth's surface to an average height to ionosphere where the wave has to propagate. Ionospheric Layer Height is denoted by h symbol.

How to calculate Height of Layer using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Height of Layer, enter Skip Distance (P_d), Maximum Usable Frequency (F_muf) & Critical Frequency (f_c) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Height of Layer calculation can be explained with given input values -> 1169.985 = 21714/(2*sqrt((420^2/45^2)-1)).

FAQ

What is Height of Layer?

The Height of Layer formula is defined as extends from Earth's surface to an average height to ionosphere where the wave has to propagate and is represented as h = P_d/(2*sqrt((F_muf^2/f_c^2)-1)) or Ionospheric Layer Height = Skip Distance/(2*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1)). Skip distance is defined as the distance b/w transmitting antenna and a point where that wave is first received after reflection from ionosphere, Maximum Usable frequency is the highest radio frequency that can be used for transmission between two points via reflection from the ionosphere & Critical frequency is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere.

How to calculate Height of Layer?

The Height of Layer formula is defined as extends from Earth's surface to an average height to ionosphere where the wave has to propagate is calculated using Ionospheric Layer Height = Skip Distance/(2*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1)). To calculate Height of Layer, you need Skip Distance (P_d), Maximum Usable Frequency (F_muf) & Critical Frequency (f_c). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Skip Distance, Maximum Usable Frequency & Critical Frequency and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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