HCF of three numbers

Hardness of work material Calculator

Engineering Chemistry Financial Health More >>

↳

Production Engineering Chemical Engineering Civil Electrical More >>

⤿

Unconventional machining processes Casting (Foundry)Composite Materials Metal Cutting More >>

⤿

Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM)Electro Discharge Machining (EDM)Laser Beam Machining (LBM)

✖The Density of a material shows the denseness of that material in a specific given area. This is taken as mass per unit volume of a given object.ⓘ Density [ρ]			+10% -10%
✖Metal Removal Rate(MRR) is the amount of material removed per time unit (usually per minute) when performing machining operations such as using a lathe or milling machine.ⓘ Metal Removal Rate [Z_w]			+10% -10%
✖The Empirical constant is a self determined constant whose value is accessible from table of such constants. This constant is used to calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration.ⓘ Empirical Constant [A₀]			+10% -10%
✖Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time is defined as the average number of particles impacting work surface to cut it during Abrasive Jet Machining.ⓘ Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time [N]			+10% -10%
✖Mean diameter of Abrasive Particles is the mean calculated from sampling method.ⓘ Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles [d_mean]			+10% -10%
✖Velocity is a vector quantity (it has both magnitude and direction) and is the rate of change of the position of an object with respect to time.ⓘ Velocity [V]			+10% -10%

✖Brinell Hardness uses a hard, spherical indenter which is forced into the surface of the metal to be tested.ⓘ Hardness of work material [h_b]

⎘ Copy

👎

Formula

LaTeX

Reset

👍

Download Production Engineering Formula PDF PDF Image

Hardness of work material Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Brinell Hardness = Density/(12*(Metal Removal Rate/(Empirical Constant*Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time*Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles^3*Velocity^(3/2)))^(4/3))
h_b = ρ/(12*(Z_w/(A₀*N*d_mean^3*V^(3/2)))^(4/3))
This formula uses 7 Variables

Variables Used

Brinell Hardness - (Measured in Pascal) - Brinell Hardness uses a hard, spherical indenter which is forced into the surface of the metal to be tested.
Density - (Measured in Kilogram per Cubic Meter) - The Density of a material shows the denseness of that material in a specific given area. This is taken as mass per unit volume of a given object.
Metal Removal Rate - (Measured in Cubic Meter per Second) - Metal Removal Rate(MRR) is the amount of material removed per time unit (usually per minute) when performing machining operations such as using a lathe or milling machine.
Empirical Constant - The Empirical constant is a self determined constant whose value is accessible from table of such constants. This constant is used to calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration.
Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time - Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time is defined as the average number of particles impacting work surface to cut it during Abrasive Jet Machining.
Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles - (Measured in Meter) - Mean diameter of Abrasive Particles is the mean calculated from sampling method.
Velocity - (Measured in Meter per Second) - Velocity is a vector quantity (it has both magnitude and direction) and is the rate of change of the position of an object with respect to time.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Density: 997 Kilogram per Cubic Meter --> 997 Kilogram per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required
Metal Removal Rate: 0.16 Cubic Meter per Second --> 0.16 Cubic Meter per Second No Conversion Required
Empirical Constant: 100 --> No Conversion Required
Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time: 5 --> No Conversion Required
Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles: 4 Millimeter --> 0.004 Meter (Check conversion here)
Velocity: 1420686.92120444 Meter per Second --> 1420686.92120444 Meter per Second No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

h_b = ρ/(12*(Z_w/(A₀*N*d_mean^3*V^(3/2)))^(4/3)) --> 997/(12*(0.16/(100*5*0.004^3*1420686.92120444^(3/2)))^(4/3))

Evaluating ... ...

h_b = 1961329999.99987

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

1961329999.99987 Pascal -->200 Kilogram-Force per Square Millimeter (Check conversion here)

FINAL ANSWER

200 Kilogram-Force per Square Millimeter <-- Brinell Hardness

(Calculation completed in 00.020 seconds)

You are here -

Home » Engineering » Production Engineering » Unconventional machining processes » Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM) » Hardness of work material

Credits

Created by Rajat Vishwakarma

University Institute of Technology RGPV (UIT - RGPV), Bhopal

Rajat Vishwakarma has created this Calculator and 400+ more calculators!

Verified by Nishan Poojary

Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management (SMVITM), Udupi

Nishan Poojary has verified this Calculator and 400+ more calculators!

< Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM) Calculators

Mean diameter of abrasive particles

LaTeX Go Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles = (Metal Removal Rate/(Empirical Constant*Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time*Velocity^(3/2)*(Density/(12*Brinell Hardness))^(3/4)))^(1/3)

Number of abrasive particles impacting per unit time

LaTeX Go Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time = Metal Removal Rate/(Empirical Constant*Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles^3*Velocity^(3/2)*(Density/(12*Brinell Hardness))^(3/4))

Empirical constant for AJM

LaTeX Go Empirical Constant = Metal Removal Rate/(Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time*Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles^3*Velocity^(3/2)*(Density/(12*Brinell Hardness))^(3/4))

Material removal rate

LaTeX Go Metal Removal Rate = Empirical Constant*Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time*Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles^3*Velocity^(3/2)*(Density/(12*Brinell Hardness))^(3/4)

Hardness of work material Formula

LaTeX Go

What is Abrasive Jet Machining ?

Abrasive Jet Machining is a process that uses a very high speed (supersonic about 2.5 Mach number) water jet mixed with abrasives to cut any type of material without, in any way, affecting the work material or the environment.
The AJM machines aim a highly focused, supersonic stream of water at the material such that it can cut composites smoothly by eroding them without generating any heat. Thus the AJM process eliminates all the thermal and mechanical distortion caused by conventional cutting methods. Also the water jet nozzle can be directed at any angle to the material thereby allowing for angled cuts. For cutting soft materials such as textiles and food stuffs, pure water without any abrasives is used.

How to Calculate Hardness of work material?

Hardness of work material calculator uses Brinell Hardness = Density/(12*(Metal Removal Rate/(Empirical Constant*Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time*Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles^3*Velocity^(3/2)))^(4/3)) to calculate the Brinell Hardness, The hardness of work material is a measure of its resistance to permanent deformation, indentation, or scratching. It's often quantified using various hardness testing methods such as the Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers, or Knoop scales. Each method utilizes different indentation sizes, loads, and measurement techniques. Brinell Hardness is denoted by h_b symbol.

How to calculate Hardness of work material using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Hardness of work material, enter Density (ρ), Metal Removal Rate (Z_w), Empirical Constant (A₀), Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time (N), Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles (d_mean) & Velocity (V) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Hardness of work material calculation can be explained with given input values -> 2E-5 = 997/(12*(0.16/(100*5*0.004^3*1420686.92120444^(3/2)))^(4/3)).

FAQ

What is Hardness of work material?

The hardness of work material is a measure of its resistance to permanent deformation, indentation, or scratching. It's often quantified using various hardness testing methods such as the Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers, or Knoop scales. Each method utilizes different indentation sizes, loads, and measurement techniques and is represented as h_b = ρ/(12*(Z_w/(A₀*N*d_mean^3*V^(3/2)))^(4/3)) or Brinell Hardness = Density/(12*(Metal Removal Rate/(Empirical Constant*Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time*Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles^3*Velocity^(3/2)))^(4/3)). The Density of a material shows the denseness of that material in a specific given area. This is taken as mass per unit volume of a given object, Metal Removal Rate(MRR) is the amount of material removed per time unit (usually per minute) when performing machining operations such as using a lathe or milling machine, The Empirical constant is a self determined constant whose value is accessible from table of such constants. This constant is used to calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration, Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time is defined as the average number of particles impacting work surface to cut it during Abrasive Jet Machining, Mean diameter of Abrasive Particles is the mean calculated from sampling method & Velocity is a vector quantity (it has both magnitude and direction) and is the rate of change of the position of an object with respect to time.

How to calculate Hardness of work material?

The hardness of work material is a measure of its resistance to permanent deformation, indentation, or scratching. It's often quantified using various hardness testing methods such as the Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers, or Knoop scales. Each method utilizes different indentation sizes, loads, and measurement techniques is calculated using Brinell Hardness = Density/(12*(Metal Removal Rate/(Empirical Constant*Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time*Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles^3*Velocity^(3/2)))^(4/3)). To calculate Hardness of work material, you need Density (ρ), Metal Removal Rate (Z_w), Empirical Constant (A₀), Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time (N), Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles (d_mean) & Velocity (V). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Density, Metal Removal Rate, Empirical Constant, Abrasive Particles Number Impacting Per Unit Time, Mean Diameter of Abrasive Particles & Velocity and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

Home

FREE PDFs

🔍 Search