Graetz Number given System properties Calculator

✖Diameter is a straight line passing from side to side through the center of a body or figure, especially a circle or sphere.ⓘ Diameter [D]			+10% -10%
✖Characteristic Length is a length scale used in fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and other fields of engineering and physics to define a dimension that characterizes the size of an object or system.ⓘ Characteristic Length [L_c]			+10% -10%
✖Characteristic Speed is a physical quantity characterizing the average speed of motion of particles inside a single body or a particle system at rest.ⓘ Characteristic Speed [V_c]			+10% -10%
✖Mass Density is a physical quantity that represents the mass of a substance per unit volume.ⓘ Mass Density [ρ]			+10% -10%
✖Specific Heat Capacity is the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount.ⓘ Specific Heat Capacity [c]			+10% -10%
✖Thermal Conductivity is rate of heat passes through specified material, expressed as amount of heat flows per unit time through a unit area with a temperature gradient of one degree per unit distance.ⓘ Thermal Conductivity [k]			+10% -10%
✖Length is the measurement or extent of something from end to end.ⓘ Length [L]			+10% -10%

✖Graetz number is used in determining the thermally developing flow entrance length in ducts.ⓘ Graetz Number given System properties [Gr]

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Formula

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Graetz Number given System properties

Formula

Gr = \frac{D \cdot L c \cdot V c \cdot ρ \cdot c}{k \cdot L}

Example

9.4E+6 = \frac{.685714 m \cdot 9.9 m \cdot 10.115 m/s \cdot 997 kg/m³ \cdot 4.184 kJ/kg*K}{10.18 W/(m*K) \cdot 3 m}

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Graetz Number given System properties Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Graetz Number = (Diameter*Characteristic Length*Characteristic Speed*Mass Density*Specific Heat Capacity)/(Thermal Conductivity*Length)
Gr = (D*L_c*V_c*ρ*c)/(k*L)
This formula uses 8 Variables

Variables Used

Graetz Number - Graetz number is used in determining the thermally developing flow entrance length in ducts.
Diameter - (Measured in Meter) - Diameter is a straight line passing from side to side through the center of a body or figure, especially a circle or sphere.
Characteristic Length - (Measured in Meter) - Characteristic Length is a length scale used in fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and other fields of engineering and physics to define a dimension that characterizes the size of an object or system.
Characteristic Speed - (Measured in Meter per Second) - Characteristic Speed is a physical quantity characterizing the average speed of motion of particles inside a single body or a particle system at rest.
Mass Density - (Measured in Kilogram per Cubic Meter) - Mass Density is a physical quantity that represents the mass of a substance per unit volume.
Specific Heat Capacity - (Measured in Joule per Kilogram per K) - Specific Heat Capacity is the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount.
Thermal Conductivity - (Measured in Watt per Meter per K) - Thermal Conductivity is rate of heat passes through specified material, expressed as amount of heat flows per unit time through a unit area with a temperature gradient of one degree per unit distance.
Length - (Measured in Meter) - Length is the measurement or extent of something from end to end.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Diameter: 0.685714 Meter --> 0.685714 Meter No Conversion Required
Characteristic Length: 9.9 Meter --> 9.9 Meter No Conversion Required
Characteristic Speed: 10.115 Meter per Second --> 10.115 Meter per Second No Conversion Required
Mass Density: 997 Kilogram per Cubic Meter --> 997 Kilogram per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required
Specific Heat Capacity: 4.184 Kilojoule per Kilogram per K --> 4184 Joule per Kilogram per K (Check conversion here)
Thermal Conductivity: 10.18 Watt per Meter per K --> 10.18 Watt per Meter per K No Conversion Required
Length: 3 Meter --> 3 Meter No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

Gr = (D*L_c*V_c*ρ*c)/(k*L) --> (0.685714*9.9*10.115*997*4184)/(10.18*3)

Evaluating ... ...

Gr = 9379115.83490181

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

9379115.83490181 --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

9379115.83490181 ≈ 9.4E+6 <-- Graetz Number

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Home » Physics » Heat and Mass Transfer » Convection » Dimensionless groups » Mechanical » Graetz and Grashof Number » Graetz Number given System properties

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Created by Prasana Kannan

Sri sivasubramaniyanadar college of engineering (ssn college of engineering), Chennai

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Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology (MGIT), Hyderabad

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< Graetz and Grashof Number Calculators

Graetz Number given System properties

Go Graetz Number = (Diameter*Characteristic Length*Characteristic Speed*Mass Density*Specific Heat Capacity)/(Thermal Conductivity*Length)

Viscous force given grashofs number

Go Viscous Force = sqrt((Buoyant Force*Inertia Force)/Grashof Number)

Buoyant force given grashof number

Go Buoyant Force = Grashof Number*(Viscous Force^2)/Inertia Force

Grashof Number

Go Grashof Number = (Buoyant Force)/(Viscous Force)

Graetz Number given System properties Formula

Graetz Number = (Diameter*Characteristic Length*Characteristic Speed*Mass Density*Specific Heat Capacity)/(Thermal Conductivity*Length)
Gr = (D*L_c*V_c*ρ*c)/(k*L)

What is Specific Heat Capacity?

The specific heat capacity is defined as the quantity of heat (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) of the material when its temperature increases by 1 K (or 1 °C), and its units are J/(kg K) or J/(kg °C).

How to Calculate Graetz Number given System properties?

Graetz Number given System properties calculator uses Graetz Number = (Diameter*Characteristic Length*Characteristic Speed*Mass Density*Specific Heat Capacity)/(Thermal Conductivity*Length) to calculate the Graetz Number, Graetz Number given System properties is a dimensionless number that characterizes heat transfer in duct flow. It is used to analyze the thermal development of fluid flows inside pipes or channels. The Graetz number is particularly important in the study of heat exchangers and microfluidic systems. Graetz Number is denoted by Gr symbol.

How to calculate Graetz Number given System properties using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Graetz Number given System properties, enter Diameter (D), Characteristic Length (L_c), Characteristic Speed (V_c), Mass Density (ρ), Specific Heat Capacity (c), Thermal Conductivity (k) & Length (L) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Graetz Number given System properties calculation can be explained with given input values -> 1.4E+8 = (0.685714*9.9*10.115*997*4184)/(10.18*3).

FAQ

What is Graetz Number given System properties?

Graetz Number given System properties is a dimensionless number that characterizes heat transfer in duct flow. It is used to analyze the thermal development of fluid flows inside pipes or channels. The Graetz number is particularly important in the study of heat exchangers and microfluidic systems and is represented as Gr = (D*L_c*V_c*ρ*c)/(k*L) or Graetz Number = (Diameter*Characteristic Length*Characteristic Speed*Mass Density*Specific Heat Capacity)/(Thermal Conductivity*Length). Diameter is a straight line passing from side to side through the center of a body or figure, especially a circle or sphere, Characteristic Length is a length scale used in fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and other fields of engineering and physics to define a dimension that characterizes the size of an object or system, Characteristic Speed is a physical quantity characterizing the average speed of motion of particles inside a single body or a particle system at rest, Mass Density is a physical quantity that represents the mass of a substance per unit volume, Specific Heat Capacity is the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount, Thermal Conductivity is rate of heat passes through specified material, expressed as amount of heat flows per unit time through a unit area with a temperature gradient of one degree per unit distance & Length is the measurement or extent of something from end to end.

How to calculate Graetz Number given System properties?

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