What is external flow?
In fluid mechanics, external flow is such a flow that boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by adjacent surfaces. Accordingly, there will always exist a region of the flow outside the boundary layer in which velocity, temperature, and/or concentration gradients are negligible. It can be defined as the flow of a fluid around a body that is completely submerged in it.
An example includes fluid motion over a flat plate (inclined or parallel to the free stream velocity) and flow over curved surfaces such as a sphere, cylinder, airfoil, or turbine blade, air flowing around an airplane and water flowing around the submarines.
How to Calculate Film temperature?
Film temperature calculator uses Film temperature = (Plate Surface Temperature+Free Stream Fluid Temperature)/2 to calculate the Film temperature, Film temperature formula is defined as the average temperature of the wall and the free stream, which is a critical parameter in analyzing heat transfer and fluid flow over a flat plate, providing a crucial insight into the thermal behavior of the system. Film temperature is denoted by Tf symbol.
How to calculate Film temperature using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Film temperature, enter Plate Surface Temperature (Tw) & Free Stream Fluid Temperature (T∞) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Film temperature calculation can be explained with given input values -> -223.15 = (303.15+343.15)/2.