Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake Calculator

✖Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel is the reaction force offered by the ground surface onto the front wheels.ⓘ Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel [R_F]			+10% -10%
✖Vehicle Wheelbase is the center distance between the front and the rear axle of the vehicle.ⓘ Vehicle Wheelbase [b]			+10% -10%
✖Vehicle Weight is the heaviness of the vehicle, generally expressed in Newtons.ⓘ Vehicle Weight [W]			+10% -10%
✖Inclination Angle of Road is the angle which the road surface is making with the horizontal.ⓘ Inclination Angle of Road [θ]			+10% -10%
✖Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle is the distance of vehicle's center of gravity (C.G.) form rear axle measured along wheelbase of vehicle.ⓘ Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle [x]			+10% -10%
✖Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle is the theoretical point where the sum of all of the masses of each of its individual components effectively act.ⓘ Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle [h]			+10% -10%

✖Friction Coefficient between Wheels and Ground is the friction coefficient which is generated between wheels and ground when the brakes are applied.ⓘ Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake [μ]

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Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground = ((Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel*Vehicle Wheelbase)/(Vehicle Weight*cos(Inclination Angle of Road))-Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle)/Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle
μ = ((R_F*b)/(W*cos(θ))-x)/h
This formula uses 1 Functions, 7 Variables

Functions Used

cos - Cosine of an angle is the ratio of the side adjacent to the angle to the hypotenuse of the triangle., cos(Angle)

Variables Used

Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground - Friction Coefficient between Wheels and Ground is the friction coefficient which is generated between wheels and ground when the brakes are applied.
Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel - (Measured in Newton) - Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel is the reaction force offered by the ground surface onto the front wheels.
Vehicle Wheelbase - (Measured in Meter) - Vehicle Wheelbase is the center distance between the front and the rear axle of the vehicle.
Vehicle Weight - (Measured in Newton) - Vehicle Weight is the heaviness of the vehicle, generally expressed in Newtons.
Inclination Angle of Road - (Measured in Radian) - Inclination Angle of Road is the angle which the road surface is making with the horizontal.
Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle - (Measured in Meter) - Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle is the distance of vehicle's center of gravity (C.G.) form rear axle measured along wheelbase of vehicle.
Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle - (Measured in Meter) - Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle is the theoretical point where the sum of all of the masses of each of its individual components effectively act.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel: 4625.314 Newton --> 4625.314 Newton No Conversion Required
Vehicle Wheelbase: 2.8 Meter --> 2.8 Meter No Conversion Required
Vehicle Weight: 11000 Newton --> 11000 Newton No Conversion Required
Inclination Angle of Road: 5 Degree --> 0.0872664625997001 Radian (Check conversion here)
Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle: 1.15 Meter --> 1.15 Meter No Conversion Required
Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle: 0.065 Meter --> 0.065 Meter No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

μ = ((R_F*b)/(W*cos(θ))-x)/h --> ((4625.314*2.8)/(11000*cos(0.0872664625997001))-1.15)/0.065

Evaluating ... ...

μ = 0.489999237185312

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

0.489999237185312 --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

0.489999237185312 ≈ 0.489999 <-- Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground

(Calculation completed in 00.020 seconds)

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Home » Physics » Automobile » Race Car Vehicle Dynamics » Weight Transfer during Braking » All Wheel Braking for Racing Car » Mechanical » Effects on Front Wheel » Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake

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Created by Peri Krishna Karthik

National Institute of Technology Calicut (NIT Calicut), Calicut, Kerala

Peri Krishna Karthik has created this Calculator and 200+ more calculators!

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< Effects on Front Wheel Calculators

Height of C.G. from Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake

LaTeX Go Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle = ((Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel*Vehicle Wheelbase)/(Vehicle Weight*cos(Inclination Angle of Road))-Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle)/Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground

Vehicle Weight with All Wheel Brake on Front Wheel

LaTeX Go Vehicle Weight = Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel/((Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle+Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground*Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle)*cos(Inclination Angle of Road)/(Vehicle Wheelbase))

Horizontal Distance of C.G from Rear Axle with Front Wheel Brake

LaTeX Go Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle = (Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel*Vehicle Wheelbase)/(Vehicle Weight*cos(Inclination Angle of Road))-Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground*Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle

Front Wheel Reaction with All Wheel Braking

LaTeX Go Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel = Vehicle Weight*(Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle+Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground*Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle)*cos(Inclination Angle of Road)/(Vehicle Wheelbase)

Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake Formula

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How weight transfer occurs during braking?

The inertial force acts at the centre of gravity of the vehicle, while the retarding force due to the application of brakes acts at the road surface. These two forms an overturning couple. This overturning couple increases the perpendicular force between the front wheels and ground by an amount, while the perpendicular force between rear wheels and ground is decreased by an equal amount. Some of the vehicle weight is thus transferred from the rear to the front axle.

How does the braking distribution occurs among front and rear brakes?

It is observed that in vehicles either the distribution of weight over the two axles is equal, or the front axle carries more weight, the braking effect has to be more at the front wheels for efficient braking. It is seen that in general for achieving maximum efficiency, about 75% of the total braking effect should be on front wheels. However, in such case the trouble would arise while travelling over wet road. where hight braking effect at the front would cause skidding of front wheels, because of decrease of weight transfer. In practice, about 60% of the braking effort is applied on the front wheels.

How to Calculate Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake?

Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake calculator uses Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground = ((Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel*Vehicle Wheelbase)/(Vehicle Weight*cos(Inclination Angle of Road))-Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle)/Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle to calculate the Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground, Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake formula is used to find the measure of the amount of friction existing between ground and wheel. Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground is denoted by μ symbol.

How to calculate Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake, enter Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel (R_F), Vehicle Wheelbase (b), Vehicle Weight (W), Inclination Angle of Road (θ), Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle (x) & Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle (h) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake calculation can be explained with given input values -> 0.489999 = ((4625.314*2.8)/(11000*cos(0.0872664625997001))-1.15)/0.065.

FAQ

What is Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake?

Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake formula is used to find the measure of the amount of friction existing between ground and wheel and is represented as μ = ((R_F*b)/(W*cos(θ))-x)/h or Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground = ((Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel*Vehicle Wheelbase)/(Vehicle Weight*cos(Inclination Angle of Road))-Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle)/Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle. Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel is the reaction force offered by the ground surface onto the front wheels, Vehicle Wheelbase is the center distance between the front and the rear axle of the vehicle, Vehicle Weight is the heaviness of the vehicle, generally expressed in Newtons, Inclination Angle of Road is the angle which the road surface is making with the horizontal, Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle is the distance of vehicle's center of gravity (C.G.) form rear axle measured along wheelbase of vehicle & Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle is the theoretical point where the sum of all of the masses of each of its individual components effectively act.

How to calculate Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake?

Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake formula is used to find the measure of the amount of friction existing between ground and wheel is calculated using Friction Coefficient Between Wheels and Ground = ((Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel*Vehicle Wheelbase)/(Vehicle Weight*cos(Inclination Angle of Road))-Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle)/Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle. To calculate Friction Coefficient between Wheel and Road Surface with Front Wheel Brake, you need Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel (R_F), Vehicle Wheelbase (b), Vehicle Weight (W), Inclination Angle of Road (θ), Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle (x) & Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle (h). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Normal Reaction at the Front Wheel, Vehicle Wheelbase, Vehicle Weight, Inclination Angle of Road, Horizontal Distance of C.G. from Rear Axle & Height of Center of Gravity (C.G.) of Vehicle and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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