What is Surface Runoff & Drainage Area?
Surface runoff is water, from rain, snowmelt, or other sources, that flows over the land surface, and is a major component of the water cycle. Runoff that occurs on surfaces before reaching a channel is also called overland flow. A land area which produces runoff draining to a common point is called a watershed.
A Drainage area is the total surface area, upstream of a point on a stream, where the water from rain, snowmelt, or irrigation which is not absorbed into the ground flows over the ground surface, back into streams, to finally reach that point.
What is Peak Discharge & explain use of Runoff Coefficient?
The maximum rate of discharge during the period of runoff caused by a storm is called a peak flow. The information about peak flows and associated volume of runoff during various floods that have been observed in the past can be compiled by the analysis of the observed discharge data and runoff hydrographs.
Runoff coefficient is a dimensionless factor that is used to convert the rainfall amounts to runoff. It represents the integrated effect of catchment losses and hence depends upon the nature of the land surface, slope, degree of saturation, and rainfall intensity. It is a larger value for areas with low infiltration and high runoff (pavement, steep gradient), and lower for permeable, well-vegetated areas (forest, flat land).
How to Calculate Drainage Area when Peak Discharge is Considered?
Drainage Area when Peak Discharge is Considered calculator uses Drainage Area = Peak Discharge/(Intensity of Rainfall*Runoff Coefficient) to calculate the Drainage Area, The Drainage Area when Peak Discharge is Considered formula is defined as the total surface area, upstream of a point on a stream, where the water from rain, snowmelt, or irrigation which is not absorbed into the ground flows over the ground surface, back into streams, to finally reach that point. Drainage Area is denoted by AD symbol.
How to calculate Drainage Area when Peak Discharge is Considered using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Drainage Area when Peak Discharge is Considered, enter Peak Discharge (Qp), Intensity of Rainfall (i) & Runoff Coefficient (Cr) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Drainage Area when Peak Discharge is Considered calculation can be explained with given input values -> 1.8E-5 = 4/(4.44444444444444E-07*0.5).