What is external flow?
In fluid mechanics, external flow is such a flow that boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by adjacent surfaces. Accordingly, there will always exist a region of the flow outside the boundary layer in which velocity, temperature, and/or concentration gradients are negligible. It can be defined as the flow of a fluid around a body that is completely submerged in it.
An example includes fluid motion over a flat plate (inclined or parallel to the free stream velocity) and flow over curved surfaces such as a sphere, cylinder, airfoil, or turbine blade, air flowing around an airplane and water flowing around the submarines.
How to Calculate Displacement thickness at X?
Displacement thickness at X calculator uses Displacement Thickness at X = Hydrodynamic Boundary Layer Thickness/8 to calculate the Displacement Thickness at X, Displacement thickness at X formula is defined as a measure of the distance between the wall and the point where the velocity is 99% of the free stream velocity in a boundary layer, used to analyze the flow over a flat plate. Displacement Thickness at X is denoted by 𝛿dx symbol.
How to calculate Displacement thickness at X using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Displacement thickness at X, enter Hydrodynamic Boundary Layer Thickness (𝛿hx) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Displacement thickness at X calculation can be explained with given input values -> 0.325137 = 2.601095/8.