Correction on Refraction Error Calculator

✖Distance between Two Points is defined as the length of space between two points. For finding the distance when curvature effects are considered, the value must be considered in kilometres.ⓘ Distance between Two Points [D]

+10%

-10%

✖Refraction correction is the improvement given against the error occurred due to refraction effects.ⓘ Correction on Refraction Error [c_r]

⎘ Copy

👎

Formula

LaTeX

Reset

👍

Download Levelling Formulas PDF PDF Image

Correction on Refraction Error Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Refraction Correction = 0.0112*Distance between Two Points^2
c_r = 0.0112*D^2
This formula uses 2 Variables

Variables Used

Refraction Correction - Refraction correction is the improvement given against the error occurred due to refraction effects.
Distance between Two Points - (Measured in Meter) - Distance between Two Points is defined as the length of space between two points. For finding the distance when curvature effects are considered, the value must be considered in kilometres.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Distance between Two Points: 35.5 Meter --> 35.5 Meter No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

c_r = 0.0112*D^2 --> 0.0112*35.5^2

Evaluating ... ...

c_r = 14.1148

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

14.1148 --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

14.1148 <-- Refraction Correction

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

You are here -

Home » Engineering » Civil » Surveying Formulas » Vertical Control » Levelling » Correction on Refraction Error

Credits

Created by Chandana P Dev

NSS College of Engineering (NSSCE), Palakkad

Chandana P Dev has created this Calculator and 500+ more calculators!

Verified by Ishita Goyal

Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology (MIET), Meerut

Ishita Goyal has verified this Calculator and 2600+ more calculators!

< Levelling Calculators

Distance between Two points under Curvature and Refraction

LaTeX Go Distance between Two Points = (2*Earth Radius in km*Error due to Curvature+(Error due to Curvature^2))^(1/2)

Distance for small errors under Curvature and Refraction

LaTeX Go Distance between Two Points = sqrt(2*Earth Radius in km*Error due to Curvature)

Error Due to Curvature Effect

LaTeX Go Error due to Curvature = Distance between Two Points^2/(2*Earth Radius in km)

Combined Error Due to Curvature and Refraction

LaTeX Go Combined Error = 0.0673*Distance between Two Points^2

Correction on Refraction Error Formula

LaTeX Go

Refraction Correction = 0.0112*Distance between Two Points^2
c_r = 0.0112*D^2

What is Refraction effect in Surveying?

Refraction of the ray passing through the atmosphere from the signal to the observer is the main source of external error. The rays of light while passing through layers of air of different densities refract or bend down. These densities depend upon the temperature and pressure at all points along the track of the rays.

How to Calculate Correction on Refraction Error?

Correction on Refraction Error calculator uses Refraction Correction = 0.0112*Distance between Two Points^2 to calculate the Refraction Correction, The Correction on Refraction Error is defined as the improvement given against the refraction error. The average refraction correction can, however, be taken as 1/7th of the curvature correction. Refraction Correction is denoted by c_r symbol.

How to calculate Correction on Refraction Error using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Correction on Refraction Error, enter Distance between Two Points (D) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Correction on Refraction Error calculation can be explained with given input values -> 14.1148 = 0.0112*35.5^2.

FAQ

What is Correction on Refraction Error?

The Correction on Refraction Error is defined as the improvement given against the refraction error. The average refraction correction can, however, be taken as 1/7th of the curvature correction and is represented as c_r = 0.0112*D^2 or Refraction Correction = 0.0112*Distance between Two Points^2. Distance between Two Points is defined as the length of space between two points. For finding the distance when curvature effects are considered, the value must be considered in kilometres.

How to calculate Correction on Refraction Error?

The Correction on Refraction Error is defined as the improvement given against the refraction error. The average refraction correction can, however, be taken as 1/7th of the curvature correction is calculated using Refraction Correction = 0.0112*Distance between Two Points^2. To calculate Correction on Refraction Error, you need Distance between Two Points (D). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Distance between Two Points and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

Home

FREE PDFs

🔍 Search